Artículo
Immigration Reform Alone Will Not End Workplace Violations
Immigration Reform Alone Will Not End Workplace Violations
Publicado el 8 de abril de 2013
por Victor Narro en Huffingtonpost
I have been involved in the debate on immigration reform now for over 25 years, since the passage of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA). I have seen the demographics of the country shift and have witnessed this debate in many stages and from many perspectives.
One thing we learned from the Immigration Reform Control Act (IRCA) of 1986 is that it fell dramatically short when it came to improving the working conditions of the estimated three million immigrants who gained legal status. We found that for many workers, legal status was a pathway into low-wage jobs. We know from best estimates that the earnings of low-skilled workers have generally grown more slowly relative to the wages of other workers since 1986. By focusing the bulk of its efforts on an employer sanction law, IRCA failed to do anything about lack of workplace protections that already existed in low wage industries. It created status for people to work legally in these industries, but did not address labor protection laws.
On a daily basis, millions of low wage workers, immigrant and native born, suffer egregious wage and hour violations. The UCLA Labor Center was been involved in a national survey of low-wage workers to document wage theft in the three largest cities of Los Angeles, New York and Chicago. According to this study, low-wage workers in these three cities lose $56 million per week from wage theft violations. Los Angeles is the wage theft capital of the country, with low-wage workers losing $26.2 million per week in wage theft violations. The weekly minimum wage violations for these workers did not distinguish significantly between authorized (28.4 percent) and unauthorized (38.8 percent) workers.
Immigration status has been used as an excuse to keep workers in exploitative conditions. Yet one major misconception in the immigration debate is that granting citizenship will solve all related problems in the workplace. Eleven million people, many of them already working in the low-wage sector, could potentially join the ranks of the U.S. labor force in an official status. If we do not take the right steps, their exploitative working conditions will most likely not change. Instead, we will continue to subsidize the wage theft crisis.
I`d like to propose what I see as major principles, or values, that any immigration policy must include. The AFL-CIO, worker center networks, and major immigrant rights coalitions have released statements that reflect some, or all, of these values.
- Establish full labor and workplace rights and protections for all workers regardless of immigration status.
- Create and implement an effective plan to enforce labor and workplace rights of all workers.
- Protect workers from employer retaliation by expanding the U visa to include workers who are victims of wage theft or other workplace violations.
- Expand the antidiscrimination provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act to cover all workers and to ensure an effective remedy for workers who are discriminated against on the basis of national origin, citizenship, and immigration-status.
- Restrict the use of the flawed E-Verify System. As such, mandating electronic employment verification lessens the power of all workers and threatens the jobs and privacy of many citizens and work authorized immigrants.
- Establish a mechanisms for effective partnerships between government enforcement agencies and labor unions, worker centers and other workers` right organization.
- History shows that citizenship alone will not lead to fair workplaces. Lola Smallwood Cuevas, director of the Black Worker Center, in a recent conversation, said it best, “We know from civil rights history that when African Americans became citizens and gained voting rights, this did not necessarily change their working conditions. Many people forget that toward the end of Dr. King`s life he was working hard for both freedom and jobs. The jobs part of this struggle still remains.” It is up to us to change the course of history and put fair workplaces at the center of any policy, including immigration reform.
Clasificación
País
Estados Unidos
Temática general
[Reforma migratoria][Reforma migratoria][Reforma migratoria]
Temática específica
[151][156][157]
Artículos recientes
Publicada el 11 de agosto de 2020
¿Qué necesita un migrante para trabajar en México?
Publicada el 18 de febrero de 2020
¿Expulsar o integrar a las personas migrantes en México?
Publicada el 21 de diciembre de 2019
“Ya no aguantamos más”: la protesta desesperada de inmigrantes presos en las cárceles de ICE